Contraception can help you prevent pregnancy when you don’t want to have a baby. There are a variety of contraception options out there. If you’re finding it a bit confusing, keep reading to learn about each type of birth control, and be sure to talk to your doctor to pick the type of contraception that’s right for you.
Remember: the “best” method is the one that fits your life—your body, your choice, your plan.
What is contraception?
Contraception, also known as birth control, is a way to prevent unwanted pregnancy with the use of medicines, devices or surgery. Common types of contraception include hormonal and barrier methods.
Hormonal methods:
Contraceptive shot
The shot contains the hormone progestogen which stops a woman from getting pregnant by preventing ovulation. It also works by making cervical mucus thicker so the sperm can’t get through.
Contraceptive implant
The implant is a thin rod about the size of a matchstick, that is placed under the skin of a women’s upper arm by a doctor. It steadily releases the hormone progestogen into the bloodstream to prevent pregnancy and lasts for about 3 years.
Birth control patch
The patch releases hormones progestogen and estrogen through the skin into the bloodstream to prevent pregnancy. It can be worn on certain parts of the body, such as lower abdomen, buttocks, or upper body.
Contraceptive pill
The hormones in the daily pill safely stop ovulation, and pregnancy cannot happen if there’s no egg for sperm to fertilize.
Vaginal ring
The ring put inside the vagina releases the hormones progestogen and estrogen to stop ovulation. No ovulation means no fertilization.
IUD
A low-maintenance, long-acting hormonal method. It’s a small T-shaped plastic and copper device that is placed into the uterus by a doctor. The copper released by it makes it almost impossible for sperm to reach an egg and survive. And it can stop a fertilized egg from being able to implant itself.
Barrier methods
Condom
Condoms work by preventing sperm from getting into the vagina, so sperm can’t meet up with an egg. Be sure not to use out-of-date condoms as it will start to break down and become much less effective.
Diaphragm
A shallow cup that’s made of soft silicone. As a barrier, it covers the cervix during sex to prevent pregnancy.
Consider your health history, period preferences, STI risk, cost and access, and your timeline for future pregnancy. Talk to your doctor about contraindications, especially if you have migraines with aura, clotting disorders, or are postpartum.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider with questions about your health, contraception options, side effects, or medication interactions.
